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Glaucoma, the 'Silent Thief of Sight'
48% of cases are detected through routine eye examinations.
Glaucoma has no noticeable symptoms, and signs appear only in the late stage.
Damage to the optic nerve from glaucoma cannot be reversed,
making early diagnosis and treatment the best approach for this chronic disease.
GANGNAM CENTRAL EYE CLINIC
Does your field of vision feel constricted?
Glaucoma is a disease in which elevated pressure inside the eye (intraocular pressure) continuously damages the optic nerve,
gradually narrowing the field of vision, and like diabetes or hypertension, it requires lifelong treatment.
The main cause of glaucoma is optic nerve damage from elevated intraocular pressure!

The progression of optic nerve damage is explained by two mechanisms: compression from elevated intraocular pressure,
and impaired blood flow to the optic nerve leading to ongoing damage.

However, the exact cause of the disease has not yet been identified, and research is ongoing.
People with a family history of glaucoma, consistently high intraocular pressure, or conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and myopia are at higher risk of developing glaucoma.

Normal optic nerve

Glaucomatous optic nerve

As the peripheral visual field narrows, vision declines, and because patients have no symptoms until late stages, diagnosis is often delayed.

01

Normal Eye

Visual field of a person without glaucoma

02

Early glaucoma

No symptoms; early treatment is crucial

03

End-stage glaucoma

Progresses to the center, leading to vision loss
GANGNAM CENTRAL EYE CLINIC
Glaucoma Treatment
The goal of glaucoma treatment is to prevent further optic nerve damage.

Medication

Using medicated eye drops to
lower intraocular pressure or improve ocular blood flow
to relieve symptoms.

Laser Peripheral Iridotomy

A laser treatment that facilitates aqueous humor outflow
to lower intraocular pressure and relieve symptoms;
it is performed when medication is difficult to use.

Surgery

Glaucoma treatment usually starts with medication,
but in some cases, such as congenital glaucoma, surgery is performed
first.

FAQ

Glaucoma Treatment FAQs

Will treatment restore my narrowed visual field?

No. Once the optic nerve is damaged, it does not recover. The goal of treatment is to prevent further optic nerve damage, not to regain lost visual field.

How long does glaucoma testing take?

It depends on the tests you receive. If dilation drops are used, additional time is needed for the drops to take effect. We will let you know which tests are planned when you make your appointment.

Will laser treatment bring my visual field back?

No. Laser treatment improves aqueous outflow to lower intraocular pressure, and the goal is to prevent further optic nerve damage.

I see well—why do I need testing?

Because the peripheral field narrows first, central vision may feel unchanged for a while. Since there are no noticeable symptoms until the late stage, diagnosis is often delayed, so it is worth checking before symptoms appear.

Can I drive right after dilation?

After dilation, you may be sensitive to light and have difficulty seeing up close for a time. If you plan to drive that day, please let us know when you book.

Does everyone get laser treatment?

No. Glaucoma treatment usually starts with medication; laser treatment is done when medication is difficult to use. We cannot say whether it is appropriate without test results.

How long will treatment continue?

Like diabetes or hypertension, it requires lifelong management. We check intraocular pressure and visual fields at set intervals to see whether progression has stopped.

If my eye pressure is normal, am I okay?

We do not judge by pressure alone. Because optic nerve damage can also progress due to impaired blood flow to the nerve, we examine the optic nerve appearance and visual field together.

If I have laser treatment, can I stop the medication?

Not necessarily. Glaucoma requires lifelong care, so even after laser treatment we may continue medication while monitoring how well your pressure is controlled.

What is evaluated in glaucoma testing?

We look at intraocular pressure, the optic nerve, and the visual field together. We do not decide based on a single value.

Do I really have to repeat the tests?

It can be difficult to tell whether the disease is progressing from a single result, so we may repeat the measurement after an interval. We will decide together when to return based on the results.

How long until we know how treatment is going?

It varies by person. The course depends on how much the pressure decreases and the extent of prior optic nerve damage, so we do not give a fixed timeframe.

Someone in my family has glaucoma.

The risk is higher if glaucoma runs in your family. Even without symptoms, we recommend having your intraocular pressure and optic nerve checked.

Do I need this before vision correction surgery?

Before vision correction surgery, we need to check not only the cornea but also the tear film, intraocular pressure, and retina to plan safely.

When is surgery done?

Glaucoma treatment usually starts with medication, but in some cases, such as congenital glaucoma, surgery is performed first. We decide based on the test results.

I was told I may have glaucoma—what happens next?

When glaucoma is suspected, we first determine whether it is actually present using optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus photography, and visual field testing. After confirmation, we monitor every 6 months to see if there is progression, because we do not judge based on a single result.

Why do we do a visual field test?

Because glaucoma narrows the peripheral field first. Even when central vision feels fine, people notice peripheral loss late. So we measure separately where and how much you can see, and interpret it together with other findings.

My eye pressure is normal, but I was told I need treatment.

Optic nerve damage is also explained by mechanisms in which blood flow to the optic nerve is impaired, leading to progression. Therefore, we do not judge based on intraocular pressure alone.

Why is intraocular pressure important?

When intraocular pressure rises, the optic nerve can be compressed and damaged, so it is considered a major cause of glaucoma. Lowering it is also a primary goal of treatment. However, we do not make decisions based on pressure alone; we interpret it together with the optic nerve and the visual field.

I was told my optic nerve looks different.

This finding suggests there may have been damage. We check its extent with a visual field test to see how far it has progressed. Because a damaged optic nerve does not recover, we set a baseline and compare changes over time.

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